Mechanics
Motion
- Displacement: Δx = x₂ - x₁
- Average speed: v_avg = Δx / Δt
- Average velocity: v_avg = Δx / Δt
- Acceleration: a = Δv / Δt
- Equations of motion:
- v = u + at
- s = ut + ½at²
- v² = u² + 2as
- Projectile motion:
- Horizontal velocity: vâ‚“ = uâ‚“
- Vertical velocity: vᵧ = uᵧ - gt
Forces
- Newton's second law: F = ma
- Weight: W = mg
- Friction: f = μN
- Centripetal force: F_c = mv²/r
Work, Energy, and Power
- Work: W = Fd cos θ
- Kinetic energy: KE = ½mv²
- Potential energy (gravitational): PE = mgh
- Power: P = W/t
Waves
- Wave speed: v = fλ
- Period: T = 1/f
- Standing waves: λ_n = 2L/n
Thermodynamics
- Temperature scales: K = °C + 273.15
- Heat: Q = mcΔT
- Ideal gas law: PV = nRT
Electromagnetism
- Coulomb's law: F = kq₁q₂/r²
- Electric field: E = F/q
- Electric potential: V = kq/r
- Ohm's law: V = IR
- Power (electrical): P = IV = I²R = V²/R
- Magnetic force: F = Bqv sin θ
- Faraday's law: ε = -NΔΦ/Δt
Modern Physics
- Einstein's mass-energy equivalence: E = mc²
- Planck's equation: E = hf
- Photoelectric effect: KE_max = hf - Φ
Symbols:
- v: final velocity
- u: initial velocity
- a: acceleration
- s: displacement
- t: time
- F: force
- m: mass
- g: acceleration due to gravity
- μ: coefficient of friction
- N: normal force
- r: radius
- W: work
- KE: kinetic energy
- PE: potential energy
- P: power
- v: wave speed
- f: frequency
- λ: wavelength
- T: period
- Q: heat
- c: specific heat capacity
- ΔT: change in temperature
- P: pressure
- V: volume
- n: number of moles
- R: ideal gas constant
- k: Coulomb's constant
- q: charge
- E: electric field
- V: electric potential
- I: current
- R: resistance
- B: magnetic field
- q: charge
- ε: induced emf
- N: number of turns
- Φ: magnetic flux
- h: Planck's constant
- Φ: work function
Remember: This is a simplified overview. Always consult your textbooks and teachers for more detailed explanations and applications.
